THE CITADEL CAMPAIGN
 
Terrestrial electric field measurement using stratospheric balloons
- After my return from the winter over in Dumont d’Urville, in May 1968, I have been engaged by Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) to go on working for Groupe de Recherche Ionosphérique (GRI).
- In autumn 1968, I went to take over from the responsible of the ionosphere station of Ouagadougou (Upper Volta, now Burkina) during his six-month holidays. Then I participated, as technical responsible, in the construction of a receiving station for Canadian artificial satellites designed to study the ionosphere.
- End of 1970, we made a three-month campaign at Dumont d’Urville to install this station.
- End of 1971, I went one more time to Dumont d’Urville for a three-month summer party to modernise this station, replacing some units that had been recuperate, because of limited initial budget, from older stations no longer in use.
- On December 1st 1972, I leave Paris Orly for a fourth sojourn in Antarctica. During that new campaign, estate 1972-1973, will take place the scientific experiment CITADEL. The scope of this experiment under the scientific responsibility of Jean-Jacques Berthelier, researcher at GRI, is to study the electric field inside the ionophere, near the magnetic South Pole. This Pole lies in the vicinity of Dumont d’Urville base. Measurements will be made using stratospheric balloons, drifting at the altitude of 30 km, launched from the French base.
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Thala Dan in Hobart harbour
New building for the wintering party and hospital
Balloon launch site
From Paris towards D. d'Urville
Back to Dumont d'Urville
 
Preparation for the launch
The main balloon is inflated
Tractors and sledges of the expedition to Vostok
One of two antennae to receive the balloon data
Launch of the balloon
Return of an expedition
 
Before and after the launch
Guy Penazzi's personal website - guy.penazzi@gmail.com